Arius

Caesarius of Arles (470 ? - 543)

Born around 470, Caesarius was first a monk in Lérins, before he was ordained a priest and then Bishop of Arles (in 503). He held the episcopal seat for 40 years, until his death in 542, a period marked by several barbarian invasions. He played an important role in the councils of the Bishops of Provence, over which he presided in Arles (524), Carpentras (527), Orange and Vaison (529), and Marseille (533).

Hilary of Arles (401 ? - 449 ?)

Born around 401, the kinsman and successor of Saint Honoratus († 430), the founder of "Lérins", known for his spiritual influence and the warmth of his personality, Hilary (or Hilarius) stayed with him in Lérins, where he was in charge of the education of the future bishop of Geneva, Salonius, the son of Eucher, himself a future bishop of Lyon. When Honoratus became bishop of Arles in 426/427, he took Hilary with him, but the latter, in love with monastic life – Eucher addressed to him his Praise of the Desert –, soon returned to Lérins. Honoratus came and snatched him from there so that this time he would agree to follow him and stay with him. He succeeded him as Bishop of Arles, working as a pastor and gaining a solid reputation for holiness. He was a friend of Germanus of Auxerre. Apart from the Life of St. Honoratus, a long panegyric sermon that he delivered probably on the first anniversary of the death of his predecessor, his literary work seems to have been sparse. He died about 449.

Hilary of Poitiers (310 ? - 368 ?)

Born around 315, from a noble pagan family of Gaul, Hilary, after a good literary and philosophical education, converted and became Bishop of Poitiers in 350. A highly talented preacher, he was the greatest defender of orthodoxy in the West against the Arianism of Saturninus of Arles and Emperor Constantius. Exiled to Phrygia following the Arian synod of Béziers which deposed him in 356, he continued his trinitarian struggle in the East, writing the De Trinitate, the De Synodis and the Books against Constantius. Very active at the Council of Seleucia (359), he was sent back to Gaul in 360, where he resumed the struggle, notably at the Council of Paris in 361 and in Italy around 364. His main exegetical works date from the end of his life, in particular the Commentary on the Psalms.

Marius Victorinus (275 ? - 363 ?)

Originally from Africa, where he was born around 280, Victorinus lived in Rome from 350, when the emperor Constantius, who was favourable to the Arians, became sole ruler of the West. A famous rhetorician and philosopher (he even had his statue in the Forum), he converted at a late age (see Augustine, Conf. VIII, 2, 3-5) and requested baptism not long before St. Augustine. He gave up his teaching post in rhetoric when, in 362, the Emperor Julian forbade Christian teachers to give lessons. Nothing more is known about him after this date.

Macarius (Ps.) (300 - 400 ?)

Il semble bien devoir être identifié avec le moine Syméon de Mésopotamie qui vécut à la fin du IVe et au début du Ve siècle en Mésopotamie et au sud de l’Asie Mineure. Certains aspects de son oeuvre ont conduit à voir en lui un représentant des « messaliens » (ou « euchites »), des ascètes dont toute la pratique ascétique se résumait dans la prière, à l’exclusion du jeûne et du travail des mains, et qui attendaient de la seule prière la réception du Saint-Esprit et la perfection, en niant toute efficacité aux sacrements. Cela explique la condamnation d’une partie de ses écrits au concile d’Éphèse de 431 (et leur transmission fort troublée), bien que son messalianisme paraisse avoir été modéré.
Il a laissé de nombreuses Homélies, remarquables par la doctrine spirituelle, qui ont exercé une forte influence dans les Églises orientales (notamment sur Syméon le Nouveau Théologien), directement ou indirectement par l’intermédiaire de Diadoque de Photicé, et sur certains spirituels russes.

Amalarius of Metz (775 ? - 850 ?)

Liturgiste et théologien.
Eleve d'Alcuin à Tours, il fut nommé archevêque de Trêves en 811.
En 813, membre d'une ambassade à Constantinople.
Maître à l'école palatine d'Aix-la-Chapelle.
Durant l'exil d'Agobard, il eut en charge le diocèse de Lyon et y proposa des innovations liturgiques.

Apollinarius of Hierapolis (100 ? - 179 ?)

Hilary of Poitiers (?) (300 ? - 370 ?)

Hilary of Poitiers (Ps.) (0 ? - 1200 ?)

Theodotus Coriarius (100 ? - 200 ?)

Marius Victorinus (Ps.) (0 ? - 1200 ?)

Anastasius the Apocrist (590 ? - 666)

Apocrisiaire du pape à Constantinople, Anastase est arrêté à Rome avec Maxime le Confesseur; la main droite et la langue coupées, il meurt en exil dans le Caucase.

Caesarius (Pseudo-) (500 ? - 580 ?)

Sous le nom de Césaire, frère cadet de Grégoire de Nazianze, nous sont parvenus quatre livres de Questiones et Responsiones, écrit sans doute après la mort de Théodora (548). Il est possible que son auteur ait été un moine du couvent constantinopolitain des Acémètes.

Macarius of Alexandria (300 ? - 390 ?)

Macarius of Antioch (600 ? - 681)

Macarios Magnetus (350 ? - 450 ?)

Macarius/Symeon (Pseudo-) (350 ? - 450 ?)

Documents téléchargeables en ligne :

Nectarios of Constantinople (300 ? - 397)

Paul the Silentiary (500 ? - 580 ?)

Lothair of Segni (1160 ? - 1198 ?)